{"id":8493,"date":"2024-09-19T09:52:35","date_gmt":"2024-09-19T09:52:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/?p=8493"},"modified":"2024-09-19T09:52:35","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T09:52:35","slug":"reparatiile-germanei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/news\/reparatiile-germanei","title":{"rendered":"Repara\u021biile germane \u2013 acordul \u00eentre RFG \u0219i Israel — \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u2013 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0424\u0420\u0413 \u0438 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043c"},"content":{"rendered":"

RO:<\/strong> Acordul privind repara\u021biile \u00eentre Germania de Vest \u0219i Israel a fost semnat pe 10 septembrie 1952 \u0219i a intrat \u00een vigoare pe 27 martie 1953. Conform acestuia, RFG s-a angajat s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 Israelului compensa\u021bii pentru utilizarea muncii for\u021bate a evreilor \u00een timpul Holocaustului \u0219i s\u0103 compenseze proprietatea expropriat\u0103 \u00eentre 1933-1945 de la evreii din Germania \u0219i din \u021b\u0103rile ocupate de aceasta. \u00cen ebraic\u0103, repara\u021biile au primit denumirea de \u201eshilumim\u201d (\u2019\u2019recompens\u0103\u2019\u2019). Pentru guvernul RFG, compensa\u021biile pentru evrei erau importante ca un alt mijloc de denazificare a Germaniei \u0219i de \u00eencercare de r\u0103scump\u0103rare par\u021bial\u0103 a vinov\u0103\u021biei germanilor. Dar pentru mul\u021bi evrei, at\u00e2t \u00een Israel, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een \u021b\u0103rile diasporei, chiar \u0219i participarea presupus\u0103 la negocieri cu germanii era inacceptabil\u0103. <\/p>\n

\u00cen septembrie 1952, guvernul Israelului a declarat c\u0103 semnarea acordului de repara\u021bii nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 reconcilierea cu poporul german sau recunoa\u0219terea statului german. Dar leg\u0103turile economice \u00een continu\u0103 cre\u0219tere \u00eentre Israel \u0219i RFG, \u00eendeplinirea meticuloas\u0103 a obliga\u021biilor de repara\u021bie de c\u0103tre partea german\u0103, sprijinul pentru economia israelian\u0103 \u0219i dup\u0103 \u00eencheierea livr\u0103rilor de repara\u021bii, au dus \u00een 1965 la stabilirea rela\u021biilor diplomatice complete \u00eentre cele dou\u0103 \u021b\u0103ri. De-a lungul deeniilor, Germania a adoptat o pozi\u021bie pro-usraelian\u0103 \u00een toate organiza\u021biile interna\u021bionale \u0219i a devenit unul dintre principalii furnizori de armament modern pentru Tzahal. De exemplu, submarinele de clasa \u201eDelphin\u201d, aflate \u00een dotarea Israelului, au fost construite la \u0219antierele navale germane, o parte semnificativ\u0103 din costul lor fiind pl\u0103tit\u0103 de guvernul Germaniei.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Manifesta\u021bie a opozan\u021bilor acordului privind desp\u0103gubirile. Ierusalim, 1952. Fotografie din colec\u021bia familiei Pritzker. Biblioteca Na\u021bional\u0103 a Israelului\/\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0418\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043c, 1952 \u0433. \u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0438 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0435\u0440. \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044f.<\/p><\/div>\n

\u0420\u0423:<\/strong> \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e 10 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1952 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443 27 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 1953 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0424\u0420\u0413 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0425\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432 1933\u20131945 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0443 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d. \u041d\u0430 \u0438\u0432\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0443\u043c\u0438\u043c\u00bb (`\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435`). \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443 \u0424\u0420\u0413 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u044f\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u041d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043e. <\/p>\n

\u0412 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 1952 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u041d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0424\u0420\u0413, \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043a, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432 1965 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0426\u0410\u0425\u0410\u041b\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0444\u0438\u043d\u00bb, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0444\u044f\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0435<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

RO: Acordul privind repara\u021biile \u00eentre Germania de Vest \u0219i Israel a fost semnat pe 10 septembrie 1952 \u0219i a intrat \u00een vigoare pe 27 martie 1953.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":8495,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[121],"class_list":["post-8493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-istoriya"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8493"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8493"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8498,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8493\/revisions\/8498"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8495"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/icc.nativ.gov.il\/kishinev\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}